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This report outlines steps for overcoming the challenges in creating power systems with the flexibility needed to maintain system stability and reliability while relying primarily on variable energy resources. The roadmap envisions a transformation performed over three phases or regimes:

- An initial phase with variable generation contributing up to about 10% of the energy demand, characterized by relatively mild changes to conventional power system operations and structures;

- A dynamic middle phase up to about 50% penetration by vRES characterized by phasing out conventional generation and a concerted effort to wring flexibility from existing infrastructure; and

- The high penetration phase that inevitably addresses how power systems operate over longer periods of weeks or months when variable generation will be in either short supply, or over-abundant supply.

This is a working document, developed under the IndustRE scope, which assesses the impact of the regulatory and market framework on the IndustRE business models for each of the target countries: Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Italy and United Kingdom. This document also defines the starting point for discussion with the stakeholders in order to identify the main barriers to exploitation of business models that lead to win-win situations both for Flexible Industrial Demand and Variable Renewable Energy.

This present study provides views on the cost of electricity for large industries, split down by components (electricity purchase price, network charges, and state-regulated components) and by consumption level. Thir report examines in detail, the composition of electricity prices in Germany and ten other countries: the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Denmark, Canada, the United States, China, Korea and Japan.

The report will be usefull as input to the IndustRE project for the identification and quantification of the amount of electricity demand flexibility of industries.

A report developed by the Insight_E project discusses the potential and barriers for self-consumption of distributed generated electricity. In order to fully use the benefits of self-consumption, further development on the grid side, such as demand response and energy storage must take place. Within the scope of the IndustRE project, self consumption and flexible demand are also considered one of the many possible balancing solutions to facilitate integration of variable renewables energy sources into the grid. However, it is crucial that the regulatory framework provides support for the usage of energy storage solutions and demand management to promote both technology development and self-consumption, while reducing costs.

This report brings together a description of possible business models and their variations for commercial exploitation of flexibility in the industrial electricity demand and variable renewable energy generation. It aims to define a common starting point for the following project activities.

A brief overview of the IndustRE project

With this report, EURELECTRIC strives to explain what demand response and aggregation are and how technological developments and innovation would contribute to their deployment (Part 2). Part 3 assesses the different market models that can be put in place to ensure the development of demand side flexibility as well as the impact of demand response aggregation actions on other market parties in a context of missing contractual and operational relationships. Part 4 proposes different options for such contractual and operational relationships between actors as a way to close existing loopholes and ensure that costs and benefits of third party demand response aggregation are allocated correctly. Finally, the paper makes a number of recommendations, based on the advantages and drawbacks of the various options considered.

Capacity markets are market-based solutions that deliver long-term system adequacy by properly valuing reliable and firm capacity and thereby providing signals for necessary existing capacity to stay online or new capacity to be developed. With this paper, EURELECTRIC presents capacity market design principles in order to establish a reference model of how European capacity markets should be designed.